Effect of sodium selenite on lipid peroxidation and glutathione in alloxan induced diabetic rats

Diabetes-related dysfunctions are the major causes of mortality and morbidity for diabetic patients. Selenium is a potent antioxidant. In the present study, we examined antioxidative activities of sodium selenite and possible protective effect of it on serum, liver and kidney lipid peroxidation and glutathione in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic rats. In this experimental study 40 Sprage Dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups randomly; group I as control, group II as sham treated with sodium selenite [1 mg/kg i.p. daily], group III as diabetic untreated, and group IV as diabetic treated with sodium selenite [1 mg/kg i.p. daily] after induce diabetes, respectively. Diabetes was induced in the 3rd and 4th groups by alloxan injection [s.c.]. After 8 weeks, animals were anaesthetized, liver and kidney were then removed immediately and used fresh or kept frozen until analysis. Blood samples were also collected before killing of the rats to measure the lipid peroxidation and glutathione level. Liver and kidney content of lipid peroxidation decreased in diabetic treated group compared with untreated group. Kidney content of glutathione significantly increased in diabetic treated group compared with untreated group. Serum level of glutathione and liver content of it slightly increased in diabetic treated group compared with untreated group. This study showed that sodium selenite might be a potent antioxidant and exert beneficial effects on the lipid peroxidation and glutathione in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic rats

Antioxidant properties and inhibitory effects of Satureja khozestanica essential oil on LDL oxidation induced-CuSO(4) in vitro

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess various antioxidative activities of Satureja khozestanica essential oil (SKE) and its effect on oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) induced by CuSO4 in vitro by monitoring the formation of conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde (MDA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The formation of conjugated dienes, lag time and MDA were measured. Inhibition of this Cu-induced oxidation was studied in the presence of several concentrations of SKE. Also total antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging of SKE were determinated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It was demonstrated that SKE was able to inhibit LDL oxidation and decrease the resistance of LDL against oxidation. The inhibitory effects of SKE on LDL oxidation were dose-dependent at concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 µg/mL. Total antioxidant capacity of SKE was (3.20±0.40) nmol of ascorbic acid equivalents/g SKE. The SKE showed remarkable scavenging activity on 2, 2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl, IC50 (5.30±0.11) ng/mL.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This study shows that SKE is a source of potent antioxidants and prevents the oxidation of LDL in vitro and it may be suitable for use in food and pharmaceutical applications.</p>

Lipid peroxidation is not associated with adipocytokines in preeclamptic women

The association between lipid peroxidation biomarkers and adipocytokines is hypothesized in preeclampsia but little is known about it. The present study was undertaken to determine the association of lipid peroxidation biomarkers measured by the levels of 8-isoprostane and malondialdehyde with adipocytokines leptin and adiponectin in maternal serum of preeclamptic women. A cross-sectional study was designed. The study population consisted of 30 preeclamptic patients and 30 healthy pregnant women. Serum levels of 8-Isoprostane, total leptin and total adiponectin were assessed using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. The amount of malondialdehyde was determined by the thiobarbituric acid assay. Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. Both 8-Isoprostane and malondialdehyde were significantly higher in preeclamptic group than those in normal pregnant women. Serum levels of leptin were significantly increased in preeclamptic patients compared with normal group, while adiponectin levels were decreased. Serum levels of 8-Isoprostane and malondialdehyde did not show any significant correlation with leptin and adiponectin. In preeclamptic women, maternal serum levels of leptin and adiponectin were not correlated with lipid peroxidation

Correlation between sperm quality parameters and seminal plasma antioxidants status

Background: There is growing evidence that damage to spermatozoa by reactive oxygen species [ROS] play a key role in male infertility

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the antioxidant status of seminal plasma by measuring total antioxidant capacity [TAC] and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase [SOD] in men with asthenozoospermia, asthenoteratozoospermia and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia compared to normozoospermic males, and their correlations with seminal parameters

Materials and Methods: 46 men with seminal parameters abnormalities divided in three categories: asthenozoospermic [n=l8], asthenoteratozoospermic [n=16] and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic [n=15], according WHO criteria, participated in the study. The control group consisted of 25 males with normozoospermia. Catalase activity was measured by Aebi spectrophotometeric method. Commercially available colorimetric assays were used for measuring SOD activity and TAC

Results: TAC evaluation showed significantly lower values in the total case group 6 versus control group [1.05 +/- 0.04 mmmol/rnl vs. 1.51 +/- 0.07 mmol/ml, p<0.05]. Catalase activity also showed significantly lower values in the total case group [n=46] versus control group [14.40 +/- 0.93 U/ml vs. 21.33 +/- 1.50 U/ml]. But this difference was not significant for SOD activity [5.31 +/- 0.56 U/ml vs. 6.19 +/- 0.83 U/ml]. Both catalase activity and TAC in asthenozoospermic, asthenoteratozoospermic, oligoasthenoteratozoospermic subjects were significantly lower than normozoospermic males, but SOD activity did not show a significant difference between these groups. Both catalase activity and TAC showed a positively significant correlation with progressively motile sperms and normal sperm morphology, but these correlations with SOD activity were not significant

Conclusion: Decreasing seminal plasma antioxidant status especially catalase activity and TAC may have significant role in etiology of sperm abnormality